Paper Presentation in ICGEET 2026: Childcare Burden and Women's Labour Force Participation in Indonesia

I had the opportunity to present our paper at The International Conference on Green Energy and Environmental Technology (ICGEET) 2026, hosted by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) in Bandung on Wednesday, 24 June 2026.

Our paper, "Childcare Burden and Women's Labour Force Participation: Evidence from Indonesia," is a collaborative effort with Fajar Try Leksono (ROTASI Institute – Institute for Rural Development & Sustainability), Isnawati Hidayah (Center of Economic and Law Studies/CELIOS), Media Wahyudi Askar (Universitas Gadjah Mada), and Nila Cahayati (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember).

In this paper, we investigates increasing women's participation in the labour market has become one of Indonesia's key development priorities. While educational attainment among women has continued to improve, labour force participation remains relatively low compared with many neighbouring countries. One of the frequently cited barriers is the responsibility of caring for young children, particularly during their early years.

Our study asks an important question, whether the presence of young children reduce Indonesian women's likelihood of participating in paid work.

By using 2023 National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) dataset, we found a strong evidence that childcare responsibilities significantly influence women's labour market participation. Women living in households with at least one child aged 0–4 years are 4.9 percentage points less likely to work than otherwise similar women without young children, after controlling for observable socioeconomic characteristics. Moreover, the likelihood of employment decreases progressively as the number of young children in the household increases, indicating that childcare responsibilities accumulate rather than remain constant.

The findings emphasis that childcare is not merely a household issue but also an economic and labour market concern. If Indonesia seeks to increase female labour force participation and make better use of its human capital, reducing childcare constraints should become an integral part of labour and social policy. 

Presenting this research at ICGEET 2026 provided valuable feedback on the links between gender, labour economics, and public policy. We hope the findings contribute to evidence-based policies on childcare, gender equality, and women's labour force participation in Indonesia (TS).



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