What is the Proportion of Debts Owned by Different Classes in Indonesia?

An Application of Jann (2016) for Concentration Shares of Wealth in Indonesia, 2014

 

We may want to know how household debts are distributed across classes in Indonesia. In this example, the classes are based on total wealth value. Thus, one may ask how many debts are owned by the 10% poorest households? or do the 10% richest households hold the largest percentage of debts?

We start the estimation by describing the distribution of total wealth (Table 1 and Figure 1). There is an unequal distribution of total wealth in Indonesia, where 10% of the poorest household held 0.11% of total wealth, while 10% of the richest households hold 51.09% of total wealth. Similar results are found when implementing -pshare- command (Table 2 and Figure 2).

Table 1. Total Wealth Distribution

Figure 1. Total Wealth Distribution

Table 2. Total Wealth Distribution by using Jann (2016)

Figure 2. Total Wealth Distribution by using Jann (2016) 

Then, how many debts owned by each class, with respect to total wealth classes? The relation between two continuous variables can be analysed by the –pshare- command using the -pvar()- option (Table 3 and Figure 3). 

Table 3. Debts Distribution


 Figure 3. Debts Distribution

Since the occurrence of debts reduces total wealth, we should see the condition of net wealth, i.e. total wealth deducted by debts. Therefore, low deciles can have very low or even negative net wealth (i.e. debts larger than total wealth). (Table 4 and Figure 4).

Table 4. Net Wealth Distribution


 Figure 4. Net Wealth Distribution

To sum up, there is an unequal condition of total wealth distribution in Indonesia. The occurrence of debts reduce total wealth for each classes. Thus, the net wealth distribution becomes worse than the total wealth distribution.

 

Stata Command:

sumdist totalwealth

quantile totalwealth

pshare estimate totalwealth, p(10(10)90) percent

pshare histogram, noci

pshare estimate debts, p(10(10)90) pvar(totalwealth) percent

pshare histogram, noci

pshare estimate netwealth, p(10(10)90) pvar(totalwealth) percent

pshare histogram, noci

 

References:

Jann, Ben (2016). Assessing inequality using percentile shares. The Stata Journal 16(2): 264-300. URL: http://www.stata-journal.com/article.html?article=st0432

Soseco, T. (2018). The Composition and Distribution of Household Wealth in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan10(2), 153-167.



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